Border fence to expand
Yesterday Michael Chertoff, Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, announced he will waive the environmental review required by 36 federal laws in order to speed construction of an 18-foot high fence along the Mexico border. The two waivers cover 470 miles of the border from California to Texas, plus a separate 22-mile span in a Texas wildlife refuge. The fence, to now be completed by the end of this year, will block illegal border crossers that travel by foot and car. The department has already built 309 miles of fence. As reported today by the New York Times,
Previously, Mr. Chertoff had used his waiver authority three times to overcome environmental hurdles along limited segments of the border in San Diego and Arizona. But as the department strives to meet a deadline of year’s end for nearly 700 miles of fencing, he has now greatly expanded the use of his waiver authority, which was granted by Congress as part of the “Real ID Act.”
“We value the need for public input on any potential impact of our border infrastructure plans on the environment,” said Chertoff in a prepared statement, “and we will continue to solicit it.”
It’ll be a little late for solicitation after we power the bulldozers, build a concrete wall, and install extra cameras, towers and roads. Such actions conducted with no environmental review or public process is shortsighted and arrogant.
The Southwest border is 2,000-miles long and spans the Sonoran desert, wilderness areas such as Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, and the BLM’s San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area. There live a number of endangered and threatened species - the jaguar, ocelot, Gila monster and Sonoran pronghorn. On the Line, a 2006 report by Defenders of Wildlife, outlines what’s at stake in terms of wildlife habitat and how enforcement activities along the border compound the problems caused by illegal immigration.
The wall will cut off migration route for many of these species and will bisect a series of dry washes. During monsoon season water will pool behind the wall, causing erosion that could eventually alter existing willow forests and other habitat.
“Laws ensuring clean water for us and our children—dismissed. Laws protecting wildlife, land, rivers, streams and places of cultural significance—just a bother to the Bush administration. Laws giving American citizens a voice in the process—gone. Clearly this is out of control,” said Rodger Schlickeisen, president of Defenders of Wildlife in a statement.
Both Defenders and the Center for Biological Diversity, based in Tucson, support the Borderlands Conservation Security Act, a bill sponsored by Arizona Representative Raul Grijalva that would require public participation in border security decisions such as this and ensures compliance with environmental laws. Since last summer the bill has been tabled in the House subcommittee on Border, Maritime and Global Counterterrorism.
I’ve been to the border and seen the impact all of our failed immigration policies have on the landscape. As I described in a Writers on the Range Piece, I’ve walked through thick heat in the mountainous Forest Service lands that kiss the Mexican desert and seen the tonnage of trash and some of the hundreds of new trails carved by illegal border crossers. People left everything as they passed through – jeans, cards, underwear. There were a pair of small pink shoes; I still wonder what happened to their owner.
Ironically this new fence might give localized areas a break from the trash and traffic, only to shift the environmental impact elsewhere. Because I don’t believe this fence can stem the tide of illegal immigrants. For nearly a decade now, each new restriction along the border has simply funneled the Mexicans and Guatemalans, drug smugglers and people desperate for better paying jobs, into increasingly treacherous areas. Build the fence; they’ll still come. They’ll just move into more dangerous locals.
Another article in the press today, this one by AP, describes how more than 2,000 people have died in the Southwest border region since 2002. For many of them, their bodies remain unidentified and they’ve been buried far from home in cemeteries near the border. Between 4.5 and 6 million people evaded checks at the border to enter America illegally. This fence can’t possibly be the solution – for people and for the environment.
In response to Chertoff’s earlier use of waivers, a few weeks ago, Defenders filed a petition with the Supreme Court to fight the constitutional authority of the Bush Administration to use such broad power. The groups will hear by late spring if the Court will hear its case. Let’s hope it will. Let’s hope it won’t be too late.